go数据类型

1、基本数据类型

整型：

int8、int16、int32和int64

uint8、uint16、uint32和uint64

uintptr

浮点型：

float32和float64

复数：

complex64和complex128

布尔型：

bool(true和false)

字符串：

string

常量：

运算符优先级

* / % << >> & &^
+ - | ^
== !=  <  <=  >  >=
&&
||

2、复合数据类型

数组（固定长度元素序列）

a := [2]int{1, 2}

slice（变长的序列）

months := [...]string{1: "January", /* ... */, 12: "December"}

内置的append函数用于向slice追加元素：

var runes []rune
for _, r := range "Hello, 世界" {
runes = append(runes, r)
}
fmt.Printf("%q\n", runes) // "['H' 'e' 'l' 'l' 'o' ',' ' ' '世' '界']"

map

它是一个无序的key/value对的集合

内置的make函数可以创建一个map

ages := make(map[string]int) // mapping from strings to ints

结构体

结构体是一种聚合的数据类型

type Employee struct {
    ID int
    Name string
    Address string
    DoB time.Time
    Position string
    Salary int
    ManagerID int
}
var dilbert Employee

JSON

type Movie struct {
Title string
    Year int `json:"released"`
    Color bool `json:"color,omitempty"`
    Actors []string
}
var movies = []Movie{
    {Title: "Casablanca", Year: 1942, Color: false,
    	Actors: []string{"Humphrey Bogart", "Ingrid Bergman"}},
    {Title: "Cool Hand Luke", Year: 1967, Color: true,
    	Actors: []string{"Paul Newman"}},
    {Title: "Bullitt", Year: 1968, Color: true,
    	Actors: []string{"Steve McQueen", "Jacqueline Bisset"}}

}

结构体->json

data, err := json.Marshal(movies)

if err != nil {
	log.Fatalf("JSON marshaling failed: %s", err)
}

fmt.Printf("%s\n", data)

[{"Title":"Casablanca","released":1942,"Actors":["Humphrey Bogart","Ingr
id Bergman"]},{"Title":"Cool Hand Luke","released":1967,"color":true,"Ac
tors":["Paul Newman"]},{"Title":"Bullitt","released":1968,"color":true,"
Actors":["Steve McQueen","Jacqueline Bisset"]}]

结构体->json(格式化输出)

data, err := json.MarshalIndent(movies, "", " ")
if err != nil {
	log.Fatalf("JSON marshaling failed: %s", err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s\n", data)

[
    {
        "Title": "Casablanca",
        "released": 1942,
        "Actors": [
            "Humphrey Bogart",
            "Ingrid Bergman"
    	]
    },
    {
        "Title": "Cool Hand Luke",
        "released": 1967,
        "color": true,
            "Actors": [
            "Paul Newman"
        ]
    },
    {
        "Title": "Bullitt",
        "released": 1968,
        "color": true,
        "Actors": [
            "Steve McQueen",
            "Jacqueline Bisset"
        ]
    }
]

3、引用类型

指针（§2.3.2）、

切片 （§4.2)）

字典（§4.3）、

函数（§5）

通道（§8），

4、接口类型

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